Grade-school science questions

Thirty-three science questions from real grade-school exams, taken from the ARC Easy set. Each card asks one question and gives the correct answer in words, with no option letters and no answer grid. Some questions open with a short scenario; the answer is always the one the exam marked correct, kept word for word.

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  • Recto Plate movement can form different features on Earth. The movement of tectonic plates can be both a constructive and a destructive force. At which type of plate boundary is new crust formed?
    Verso divergent
  • Recto Peach trees have sweet-smelling blossoms and produce rich fruit. What is the main purpose of the flowers of a peach tree?
    Verso to attract bees for pollination
  • Recto When a transverse wave passes from right to left through a medium, what happens to the particles of the medium?
    Verso Particles move back and forth perpendicular to the wave.
  • Recto Decomposers increase the fertility of the soil and prevent dead organisms from building up in the environment. In which way do decomposers make the soil more fertile?
    Verso by adding nitrogen
  • Recto In which environment is white fur color an advantage for survival?
    Verso arctic tundra

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Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International CC-BY-SA-4.0
Attribution
Source : https://huggingface.co/datasets/allenai/ai2_arc — Licence : Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
Source
AI2 Reasoning Challenge (ARC), Allen Institute for AI
Récupéré le
Thème
Sciences
Langue
English
Version
3
Mis à jour le

Ce paquet a été modifié lors de son intégration : A subset of the questions was selected and each multiple-choice item was turned into a card: only the text of the correct answer is kept, the distractors and the option letters are removed. Questions that point at material the card does not carry (figure, table, graph, list), questions that describe the answer grid rather than the world — including every bare "Which is…" — questions that turn on a US state, and questions whose answer does not stand on its own are all dropped. Whitespace is normalised and flattened chemical formulas are given their subscripts back (H2O → H₂O); no word is rewritten. This deck is a rebuild of a deck that had been withdrawn from the catalogue after review found factual errors coming from the source. A second, much stricter filter was applied on top of the one described above: every card carrying a digit was dropped, and with it every date, quantity and figure; so were time-dependent wordings, multiple-choice turns of phrase, negative questions, answers made of a single ambiguous word or a bare acronym, and cards duplicating — in either direction — a card already served by another deck in this catalogue. Nothing was rewritten: a card was either kept as the source wrote it, or dropped. After an adversarial review, six further cards were dropped and, again, none was rewritten. The duplicate filter had been applied between decks but not inside this one, so it was run again card against card: the generic "What happens at the boiling point of a substance?" was dropped as a duplicate of the pot-of-water card, and two of the three cards teaching that light lets plants make food were dropped, keeping only the one that names photosynthesis. Three more were dropped for the same defect as each other — an answer that only discriminates against the distractors it was written with: "Minerals are formed by which process?" (magma cooling is one route among several), the coin-flipping card (whose answer turns on an arbitrary number of extra flips), and "After nitrogen becomes part of the lithosphere…", whose answer contradicts its own premise since bacterial fixation acts on atmospheric nitrogen. What is left may still contain a wrong answer inherited from the source; when one is found the card is removed, never corrected, because we cannot prove a correction against the exam it came from.

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